Remote web server - Chapter 5 . Using Partitions and File Systems
Chapter 5 . Using Partitions and File Systems 203 This chapter covers the tools and practices associated with file systems and their management. Simply put, a file system is a way for the operating system to arrange files on the storage media so it can find them when it needs them. You use these tools to create, maintain, and control the file systems. These tools and concepts are used throughout the book and are important when working with Linux systems. Several exam objectives are covered in this chapter so you need to have a thorough understanding of all material presented here. Linux File Systems Overview As you have already discovered, Linux file systems are discussed throughout the book. File systems are a primary component of all operating systems, and understanding the function and use of these systems is important. You will be required to know the differences in the various file systems as well as the proper use of each. A variety of media can contain files for a Linux system. Hard disks, CD-ROMs, floppies, network drives, and other removable media can all be used to store files. Each of these media uses file systems for organization. These file systems arrange files in a tree-like directory structure with subdirectories branching from the root directory. The media and operating system used to store files dictate the file system used. Linux can support a wide variety of media and file systems depending on the configuration of the Linux kernel. With this support, you can create, access, and modify these file systems. Cross-This chapter covers the usage of file system tools while Chapter 13 details how to Reference install the kernel options. The mount command is used to connect various other file systems to the primary Linux file system, which currently defaults to the ext2 file system. The root user has control over the location of these additional file systems. The root user can grant standard users the proper access to mount specific file systems such as CD-ROMs and floppy disks for use on the system. When working with removable devices, remember that each disk must be mounted to be used. If you wish to access another disk, you must first unmount the current disk, swap the disks in the drive, and then mount the new disk for use. You can also configure file systems to be mounted automatically when the system is started. This ability is useful when working with file systems stored on the network or on local hard disks in the system. The tools and files used to allow these functions are covered later in this chapter.
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